Japanese Verbs

masu form affirmative kaimasu masu form negative kaimasen masu past affirmative kaimashita masu past negative kaimasendeshita

root form kau nai form kawanai ta form katta nakatta form kawanakatta

te form katte conditional (ba form) kaeba potential kaeru imperative kae volitional kaoo passive kawareru causative kawaseru causative passive 1 kawaserareru causative passive 2 kawasareru

Beginner 1 - Basic Structure

[ subject ]

wa

[ something ]

o

kaimasu

1.

Watashi wa hon o kaimasu.

I (will) buy a book.

2.

Tanaka-san wa sengetsu kuruma o kaimashita.

Tanaka bought a car last month.

3.

Watashi wa suupaa de yasai o kaimasen.

I don't buy vegetables at a supermarket.

4.

Susan-san wa kinoo depaato de yoofuku o kaimashita.

Susan bought a dress at the department store yesterday.

Beginner 2 - Functional Patterns

5.

Watashi wa ookii terebi o kau tsumori desu.

I'm planning to buy a big TV.

6.

5,000-en ijoo kaeba, sooryoo wa tada desu.

If you buy more than 5,000yen, the shipping fee is free.

7.

Iriguchi de kippu o katte kudasai.

Please buy a ticket at the entrance.

8.

Tokyo no ie wa takai kara, kaemasen.

We cannot buy a house in Tokyo because it's (too) expensive.

The usage of each Functional Pattern is explained in the Essential Japanese Verbs.