Japanese Verbs

masu form affirmative tabemasu masu form negative tabemasen masu past affirmative tabemashita masu past negative tabemasendeshita

root form taberu nai form tabenai ta form tabeta nakatta form tabenakatta

te form tabete conditional (ba form) tabereba potential taberareru imperative tabero volitional tabeyoo passive taberareru causative tabesaseru causative passive 1 tabesaserareru causative passive 2 -

Beginner 1 - Basic Structure

[ subject ]

wa

[ something ]

o

tabemasu

1.

Watashi wa ban-gohan o tabemasu.

I (will) eat dinner.

2.

Watashi wa niku o tabemasen.

I don't eat meat.

3.

Watashi wa kinoo Karee o tabemashita.

I ate curry yesterday.

4.

Watashi wa kinoo Ginza de Furansu ryoori o tabemashita.

I ate French food at Ginza yesterday.

5.

Watashi wa kesa asa-gohan o tabemasendeshita.

I didn't eat breakfast this morning.

Beginner 2 - Functional Patterns

6.

Watashi wa konban sakana o tabe-tai desu.

I want to eat fish tonight.

7.

Susan-san wa Sukiyaki o tabeta koto ga arimasu.

Susan has eaten Sukiyaki before.

8.

Smith-san wa Sashimi o taberaremasen.

Smith cannot eat Sashimi.

9.

Yasai o takusan tabeta hoo ga ii desu.

You should eat a lot of vegetables.

Beginner 3 - Casual Speech

	10.	A	:	Keeki, taberu?
		B	:	Uun, tabenai.

A	:	Would you like some cake? (lit. Are you going to eat some cake?)
B	:	No. I won't. (lit. I don't eat.)

	11.	A	:	Moo hiru-gohan o tabeta?
		B	:	Un. Moo tabeta.

A	:	Have you had lunch, yet? (lit. Did you already eat lunch?)
B	:	Yes, I have. (lit. I already ate.)

The usage of each Functional Pattern is explained in the Essential Japanese Verbs.