Common Japanese Phrases and Sentence Patterns |
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Enrich your expressions For Upper Beginner and Intermediate learners |
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[A] ni shiro, [B] ni shiro
Whether [A] or [B]
[A] and [B] can be verbs, nouns or adjectives;
[Verb A root form] ni shiro, [Verb A nai form] ni shiro
[Verb phrase A] ni shiro, [Verb phrase B] ni shiro
[Noun A] ni shiro, [Noun B] ni shiro
[Adjective A] ni shiro, [Adjective B] ni shiro
This pattern can be used for variou situations, but especially used to ask someone to do something or to give an advice.
Example sentences
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1. | A | : | Raishuu yasumi o toru ka doo ka, kimemashita ka? |
| B | : | Iie. Mada kimete imasen. | ||
| A | : | Yasumi o toru ni shiro, toranai ni shiro, ashita madeni renraku shite kudasai. |
raishuu next week, yasumi o toru take a day off, take holidays
yasumi holiday, vacation, day off, toru to take, get
-ka doo ka, kimemashita ka? Have you decided whether you're doing or not?
-ka doo ka whether or not, if or not, kimemasu to decide, make up one's mind, settle, fix
mada kimete imasen I haven't decided yet, mada (+ negative) not yet
kimete te form of kimeru; decide, -te imasu expressing progressive or state
ashita tomorrow, -madeni by (time), no later than, renraku shite kudasai please contact, please let me know
renraku [sv] contact, inform, get in touch, -te kudasai Please do
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2. | Watashi wa dochirademo ii kedo, iku ni shiro, ikanai ni shiro, hayaku kimete kudasai. |
watashi wa dochirademo ii I don't mind either way (whether you go or not), -kedo but
iku ni shiro, ikanai ni shiro Whether you go or not
hayaku kimete kudasai please decide soon, please decide quickly
hayaku early, soon / fast, quickly [adv.], kimete te form of kimeru; decide
-te kudasai Please do
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3. | O-Shoogatsu ryokoo suru ni shiro, kuni ni kaeru ni shiro, hayaku yoyaku shita hoo ga ii desu yo. |
o-shoogatsu the New Year, New Year holidays, ryokoo [sv] travel, trip, journey
kuni country, nation / one's home country, kaeru to return, go home, hayaku early, soon / fast, quickly
yoyaku [sv] reserve, book, -ta hoo ga ii giving advice; you should do, you had better do
-yo telling one's opinion or one's advice with friendly sound
The following audio is available to members
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4. | Denwa ni shiro, meeru ni shiro, toriaezu henji o shita hoo ga ii desu yo. |
denwa [sv] telephone, call, meeru [sv] email, toriaezu for the time being, tentatively
henji o suru to reply, to respond, -ta hoo ga ii giving advice; you should do, you had better do
-yo telling one's opinion or one's advice with friendly sound
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5. | Dizuniirando ni shiro, Doobutsu-en ni shiro, renkyuu wa kondeimasu yo. |
Dizuniirando Disneyland, doobutsu-en zoo, doobutsu animal
renkyuu consecutive holidays, holidays in a row, kondeimasu to be crowded, be packed with people
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6. | Takai ni shiro, yasui ni shiro, kau shika nai deshoo. |
takai expensive, yasui inexpensive, low price, cheap, kau to buy
-shika nai (verb root form +) no choice but to do, all we can do is, -deshoo we should do, we must do
Practice the following words
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Functional patterns used in the sentences (Chapter numbers are from Building Up Conversation)
yasumi o toru ka doo ka, kimemashita ka?
plain form + -ka doo ka,:whether or not, if or not
Level 3 Chapter 2
mada kimete imasen
verb te form + -te imasu:expressing the progressive, a state of being or a habitual action
Level 2 Chapter 4
renraku shite kudasai / hayaku kimete kudasai
verb te form + -te kudasai:please do
Level 2 Chapter 5
hayaku yoyaku shita hoo ga ii desu / toriaezu henji o shita hoo ga ii desu
verb ta form + -ta hoo ga ii:had better do, should do
Level 2 Chapter 12
kau shika nai deshoo
plain form + deshoo:must be, should be, will be
Level 3 Chapter 1
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