Learn Japanese through the Headlines

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2019-nen 10-gatsu Shoohizei 10% ni

Shoohi-zei consumption tax, sales tax, VAT, -ni (rise from 8%) to 10%

1.

Nihon no Shoohi-zei wa ima 8% desu ga, 2019-nen 10-gatsu ni 10% ni agaru koto ni natte imasu.

shoohi-zei consumption tax, sales tax, VAT, shoohi [sv] consumption, spend, zei-kin tax
ima present, current, now, -desu ga giving a preliminary; "but" or "and"
juu-gatsu October, -ni specific time marker; at, on, in
juppaasento 10%, -ni (rise/raise) to, agaru root form of agarimasu; go up, rise
-koto ni natte imasu expressing a plan; be scheduled to do, be expected, be supposed to

2.

Konshuu, Abe-Shushoo wa yotei-doori rainen no 10-gatsu ni Shoohi-zei o 10% ni ageru to happyoo shimashita.

konshuu this week, Abe-Shushoo PM Abe, shushoo Prime Minister
yotei-doori on schedule, as planned, yotei [sv] schedule, plan, rainen next year
juu-gatsu October, -ni specific time marker; at, on, in
juppaasento 10%, -ni (rise/raise) to, ageru root form of agemasu; raise, lift up
-to quotation marker; ".....", that, happyoo [sv] announce

10% ni agaru (line No.1) vs. 10% ni ageru (line No.2)
agaru is an intransitive verb.
[something] wa agaru
ageru is a transitive verb.
[person] wa [something] o ageru

3.

Mottomo, Abe-san wa 2015-nen to 2017-nen no 2-kai Shoohi-Zoozei o Enki shite imasu.

mottomo however, though, Abe Shinzoo Abe (current prime minister)
ni-kai two times, shoohi-zoozei consumption tax hike (comes from Shoohi-zei no Zoo-zei "tax hike")
enki [sv] postpone, delay, -te imasu expressing progressive or state

4.

Kondo wa "3-do-me no Shoojiki" ni naru deshoo ka?

kondo this time, san-do-me no shoojiki third time lucky, third time's the charm (common expression)
shoojiki [na] honest, naru to become, come to, -deshoo ka? used to bring up an issue, topic or question

5.

Nao, Shokuhin wa 8% no mama desu. (Yotei)

nao For your information, Note that, shokuhin food, foodstuff, food product
-no mama without change, as it is, yotei [sv] schedule, plan

6.

Chinamini, sekai-teki ni miru to, "Shoohi-zei 10%" wa sore hodo takakunai desu.

chinamini by the way, incidentally, in this connection, sekai-teki ni miru to if you look around the world, look it globally
sekai-teki ni worldwide，globally, miru root form of mimasu; watch, see, look, -to when, if
shoohi-zei consumption tax, sales tax, VAT, juppaasento 10%
sore hodo (+ negative) not so, takakunai nai form of takai; high, expensive